Industry segment of the Workforce Solutions Ecosystem. Use of an outside business services vendor (and its supervised personnel), either on the customer’s premises or off-site at the vendor’s location, to perform a function or run a department that was previously staffed and supervised by the customer directly. (Sometimes, but not necessarily, limited to situations where some or all of the customer’s previous staff performing that function are hired by the outsourcing vendor. For our purposes, Process Outsourcing describes the use of an outside vendor to perform part or all of the role of a Human Resources department or a specific work output. Partial solutions would include Recruitment Process Outsourcing (RPO) where a vendor takes on responsibility for an organization’s hiring requirements (to some degree) and Managed Service Provision (MSP) where a vendor manages an organization’s staffing suppliers. It could include outsourcing certain aspects of human resources (HRO) or outsourcing a whole work function/ department such as telesales, catering or security (BPO). Such outsourcing could be done locally or offshore and sometimes, but not necessarily, limited to situations where some or all of the customer’s previous staff performing that function are subsequently hired by the outsourcing vendor.